Africa’s mobile-money ecosystem is one of the most dynamic fintech landscapes in the world. At its core are the Big 4: M‑Pesa, Airtel Money, MTN MoMo, and Orange Money, collectively known as the Big MAMO (the big mammal) as in 4 large African elephants. These platforms companies are more than wallets; they underpin Africa’s digital economy, support fintech startups, and generate billions of dollars in revenue annually and they sometimes bully small players and in rare cases bully each other. Alongside them, six challengers, Mixx (Axian), Viettel Money, Wave Money, PalmPay, OPay, and TeleBirr (Ethiopia), are leveraging telecom infrastructure, digital services, and aggressive user acquisition to carve space in Africa’s fintech…